How to make a Wall Frame
Wall Framing Page one
Page two click here
Relevant to lightweight single story buildings, garages, sleep-outs, sheds etc.
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1.
Identifying the members:
Wall Framing, excepting headers, is usually of 100x50 (2x4) stock, for perimeter or bearing walls. Internal
non-load bearing walls can be of 75x50 (3x2) stock.
Partly cut underside of Bottom Plate at each side of doorway before standing the wall frame up. This is
to enable the Bottom Plate in the doorway to be cut out
(from the top side)
when the Wall Frame has been squared, straightened and fixed in place.
BLOCKING: Short nogging. Block to separate two studs.
BOTTOM PLATE: Wall plate, sole plate; The bottom horizontal framing member of the wall
CRIPPLE STUD: Short studs placed between the header / lintel and a top plate or between a sill and bottom plate.
HEADER: Lintel; A beam placed perpendicular to wall studs above doors, windows or other openings, to carry the weight of structural loads.
The Header is usually two 50 (2") thick pieces of lumber nailed together to form one 100 (4") thick piece. The width of the Header
depends on the required span.
NOGGING: Dwang; A short piece of timber set between two studs, joists, rafters or purlins to keep them rigid.
ROUGH OPENING: Trim size; The framed-in opening, slightly larger than the actual window/door, that replaces wall studs to support the structure and accommodate a window/door.
STUD: A 100x50 (2x4) vertical framing member used to construct walls.
TOP PLATE: The top horizontal framing member of the wall.
TRIMMER: Under stud; Framing member that is cut to fit between the bottom PLATE and the HEADER.
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2.
Marking the Top and Bottom Plates for Studs:
First of all, cut all the Wall Plates in place, top and bottom and place on the floor or surface where they are intended to go,
just to make sure that they all fit according to plan.
Take the top and bottom Wall Plates of one wall, temporary nail or clamp together and place on a couple of saw stools for marking Stud and Trimmer Stud positions.
The overlapping Wall Frame has a double Stud at the overlap end separated by blocking pieces that are usually the same thickness as the Studs.
How to make a Wall Frame
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